Question 1 : Which of the following is/are the active processes in formation and development of soil?
a) Relief
b) Time
c) Parent material
d) Climate
Answer : d
Question 2 : In the first stage of soil formation, the parent rock material is weathered into
a) Lopolith
b) Batholith
c) Regolith
d) None of these
Answer : c
Question 3 : High temperature leads to which of the following effects on soil formation
a) Reduces microbial activity
b) Increases leaching
c) Increases microbial activity
d) None of the above
Answer : c
Question 4 : Forests play an important role in formation of soil in which of the following ways?
a) Increases humidity
b) Reduces evaporation
c) Improves precipitation
d) All of the above
Answer : d
Question 5 : Which of the following factors is considered as a ‘passive soil former’?
a) Climate
b) Time
c) Biota
d) Parent material
Answer : b
Question 6 : Which of the following is concerned with soil?
a) Edaphic
b) Climate
c) Biotic
d) Topography
Answer : a
Question 7 : Biodiversity forms the basis for human existence in which of the following ways?
a) Soil formation
b) Prevention of soil erosion
c) Recycling of waste
d) Pollination of crops
Answer : a
Question 8 : Which one of the following processes occurs in the humid tropics where heavy rain and uninterrupted warmth give rise to deeply weathered layer?
a) Leaching
b) Podzolisation
c) Laterilsation
d) Salinasation
Answer : c
Question 9 : In which of the following processes silica is removed rather than iron or aluminium, which accumulates at the surface?
a) Laeching
b) Podzolisation
c) Laterisation
d) Salinisation
Answer : c
Question 10 : In which one of the following soil formation processes, organic acids of soluble chelates are formed?
a) Laeching
b) Podzolisation
c) Laterisation
d) Salinisation
Answer : b
Question 11 : When soil materials are removed from the elluvial horizon and deposited in the lower layers, it is known as
a) Laterisation
b) Illuviation
c) Leaching
d) Eluviation
Answer : b
Question 12 : In wet regions, soil water often washes clay particles down through root channels and worm tunnels. The clay particles are then deposited in the sub-soil. This process is called
a) Eluviation
b) Cheluviation
c) Lessivation
d) Leaching
Answer : a
Question 13 : Consider the following statements and choose the correct one.
I. Calcification involves precipitation and accumulation of calcium carbonate
II. Podzolisation leaches calcium carbonate from soil
III. Accumulation of magnetism is termed as alkalisation
a) Both I and II
b) All of these
c) Both II and III
d) Both I and III
Answer : a
Question 14 : Consider the following statements and choose the correct option
I. A cold and humid climates is most favourable for podzolisation
II. The process of laterisation removes silica from soil
III. Warm and tropical climate is most favourable for laterisation
a) Both I and II
b) Both II and III
c) Both I and III
d) All of these
Answer : b
Question 15 : Consider the following statements
I. The pedogenic processes are extremely complex and dynamic
II. Various processes operate under varying natural environment to form soil
III. Leaching does not affect soil formation
a) Both I and II
b) Both II and III
c) Both I and III
d) All of these
Answer : a
Question 16 : Statement I : Mechanical transfer of minerals from soil horizon e.g. by rain, downwards is called eluviation.
Statement II : Chemical transfer of minerals from soil horizon is called leaching.
a) Both the statements are individually true and statement II is the correct explanation of statement I
b) Both the statements are individually true, but statement II is not the correct explanation of statement I
c) Statement I is true, but statement II is false
d) Statement I is false, but statement II is true
Answer : a
Question 17 : Statement I : Horizonation is the process of differentiation of soil in its depth
Statement II : Differentiation of soil is due to eluviation, illuviation, humification etc.
a) Both the statements are individually true and statement II is the correct explanation of statement I
b) Both the statements are individually true, but statement II is not the correct explanation of statement I
c) Statement I is true, but statement II is false
d) Statement I is false, but statement II is true
Answer : a
Question 18 : What is soil profile?
a) The aggregation of individual soil particles in the form of lumps or clusters of soil
b) A distinct layer of soil having distinct chemical composition, colour, texture and structure
c) The vertical arrangement of horizons up to the parent rock
d) Loose and unconsolidated weathered materials
Answer : c
Question 19 : The organic matter accumulates in which of the following horizons?
a) O-horizon
b) A-horizon
c) B-horizon
d) C-horizon
Answer : b
Question 20 : A, E and B horizons are together known as
a) Sub-soil
b) Stratum
c) Solum
d) None of these
Answer : c
Question 21 : C-horizon in a soil profile consists of which of the following?
a) Sub-soil
b) Parent material
c) Bedrock
d) Top soil
Answer : b
Question 22 : Identify the correct statement
a) Soil column comprises A, B and C-horizons
b) C-horizon lies below the level of root activity
c) The substance of the soil exists in solid and liquid states
d) Field capacity of a soil is also referred to as wilting point
Answer : b
Question 23 : Consider the following statements
I. A soil profile is a horizontal cross section of the soil
II. The C-horizon is termed as sub-stratum
III. The B-horizon is also known as zone of accumulation
Choose the statement/s which is/are correct?
a) Both II and III
b) All of these
c) Both I and III
d) Both I and II
Answer : a
Question 24 : Consider the following statements and choose the correct ones
I. The crops mainly grow in A and B horizons
II. The largest organic matter accumulates in A-horizon
III. The C-horizon is not influenced by soil forming processes
a) Both I and II
b) All of these
c) Both II and III
d) None of these
Answer : b
Question 25 : Assertion (A) : The C-horizon is affected by physical and chemical processes
Reason (r) : Podzol soils are very suitable for grain crops because these soils contain good amount of bases
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true, but R is false
d) A is false, but R is true
Answer : b
Question 26 : Consider the following statements.
Statement I : Clay layers are poor aquifiers
Statement II : The inter-particle space of clay minerals is the least
a) Both the statements are individually true and statement II is the correct explanation of statement I
b) Both the statements are individually true, but statement II is not the correct explanation of statement I
c) Statement I is true, but statement II is false
d) Statement I is false, but statement II is true
Answer : a
Question 27 : Coming soon
a)
b)
c)
d)
Answer :
Question 28 : The Podzol soils are associated with which of the following?
a) Cool temperate continental climate
b) Wet temperate climate
c) Tropical hot and humid climate
d) Tropical cold and dry climate
Answer : a
Question 29 : The Pedogenesis of Podzol soil is also described by which of the following terms?
a) Illumination
b) Cheluviation
c) Laterisation
d) None of these
Answer : b
Question 30 : According to USADA classification, Podzol soils are known as
a) Incepticol
b) Spodosol
c) Oxisol
d) Brown Earth
Answer : b
Question 31 : Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?
a) Latosols – Scrubs
b) Chernozem – Savannas
c) Sierozem – Selvas
d) Podsol – Conifers
Answer : d
Question 32 : Assertion (A) : The profile of podzol soil is best developed.
Reason (R) : Podzol develop in coniferous forest belt
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true, but R is false
d) A is false, but R is true
Answer : b
Question 33 : Assertion (A) : Podzols are rich in humus
Reason (R) : The low temperature prohibits bacterial action, leading to accumulation of humus
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true, but R is false
d) A is false, but R is true
Answer : a
Question 34 : The soil is associated with wet temperature climate, covered with temperate deciduous forest is known as
a) Podzol soil
b) Oxisol
c) Inceptisol
d) Chernozem
Answer : c
Question 35 : Inceptisols generally show which of the following characteristics?
a) Basic
b) Acidic
c) Alkaline
d) None of these
Answer : b
Question 36 : Consider the following statements and choose the correct option
I. The inceptisols are located Northwards of podzols
II. Inceptizols are rich in aluminium and iron oxides
III. Inceptisols are also known as chemozems
a) Both I and II
b) Both I and III
c) Both II and III
d) All of these
Answer : a
Question 37 : In tropical hot and humid climate, the soil formed from leaching of carbonates and illuviation of silica is known as
a) Mollisols
b) Oxisols
c) Vertisols
d) Black Earth
Answer : b
Question 38 : Oxisols are also known as
a) ferralsols
b) tundra soils
c) chestnut soils
d) arid soils
Answer : a
Question 39 : Coming soon
a)
b)
c)
d)
Answer :
Question 40 : In the hot and humid regions of the tropics, the characteristic soils are
a) laterites
b) pedocals
c) pedalfers
d) alluvial
Answer : a
Question 41 : Soil that owes its colour to oxides of iron is
a) regur
b) bangar
c) laterite
d) alkaline
Answer : c
Question 42 : Laterite soils are formed due to
a) removal of silicates, lime and organic matter
b) decayed organic matter
c) disintegration of volcanic matter
d) deposition of limestone
Answer : a
Question 43 : Assertion (A) : Laterite soils are porous in structure
Reason (R) : High amount of rainfall results in leaching of soluble minerals and silica
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true, but R is false
d) A is false, but R is true
Answer : a
Question 44 : Vertisols develop in which of the regions?
a) Temperate grasslands
b) Tropical grasslands
c) Tundra region
d) Deserts
Answer : b
Question 45 : Which of the following is not correct regarding Vertisols?
a) Vertisols are also described as Grumusols
b) Vertisols develop in semi-dry climates
c) Vertisols are rich in humus content
d) Vertisols tend to crack during summer season
Answer : c
Question 46 : Coming soon
a)
b)
c)
d)
Answer :
Question 47 : Coming soon
a)
b)
c)
d)
Answer :
Question 48 : Hydromorphic soil is formed by which of the following processes?
a) Alkalisation
b) Salinisation
c) Biodecomposition
d) Calcification
Answer : c
Question 49 : Soils which have undergone gleying and are associated with marshes, swamps or poorly drained upland are called
a) calcimorphic soils
b) hydromorphic soils
c) halomorphic soils
d) sierozems
Answer : b
Question 50 : Which of the following is an azonal soil?
a) Sierozem
b) Podzol
c) Lithosol
d) Solanchak
Answer : c
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