Climatology Multiple Choice Questions and Answers

Question 1 : The atmospheric air is held to the Earth by

a) gravity
b) winds
c) clouds
d) rotation of the Earth

Answer : a

Question 2 : If the Earth did not have an atmosphere, temperature extremes between day and night would

a) increase
b) decrease
c) stay the same
d) fluctuate rapidly

Answer : a

Question 3 : Which one of the following statements about the atmosphere is correct?

a) The atmosphere has definite upper limits, but gradually thins until it becomes imperceptible
b) The atmosphere has no definite upper limits, but gradually thins until it becomes imperceptible
c) The atmosphere has definite upper limits, but gradually thickens until it becomes imperceptible
d) The atmosphere has no definite upper limits, but gradually thickens until it becomes imperceptible

Answer : b

Question 4 : On average, air contains………% of water vapour.

a) 1
b) 3
c) 5
d) 7

Answer : b

Question 5 : Which among the following gases has the most volume by percentage in the atmosphere?

a) Carbon-dioxide
b) Argon
c) Neon
d) Helium

Answer : b

Question 6 : The correct proportion of gases in the atmosphere in descending order is

a) Nitrogen, Carbon dioxide and Oxygen
b) Nitrogen, Oxygen and Carbon dioxide
c) Carbon dioxide, Nitrogen and Oxygen
d) Carbon dioxide, Oxygen and Nitrogen

Answer : b

Question 7 : Which one of the following is the correct order in which the gases from the atmosphere disappear as one moves away from the surface of the Earth?

a) Carbon dioxide – Oxygen – Nitrogen
b) Oxygen – Nitrogen – Carbon dioxide
c) Carbon dioxide – Nitrogen – Oxygen
d) Nitrogen – Oxygen – Carbon dioxide

Answer : c

Question 8 : Most of the phenomena related to weather take place in

a) stratosphere
b) ionosphere
c) mesosphere
d) troposphere

Answer : d

Question 9 : Which of the following is the lowermost layer of the Atmosphere?

a) Troposphere
b) Exosphere
c) Thermosphere
d) Mesosphere

Answer : a

Question 10 : Troposphere is the hottest part of the atmosphere because

a) it is closest to the Sun
b) heat is generated in it
c) it is heated by the Earth’s surface
d) there are charged particles in it

Answer : c

Question 11 : Which one of the four regions above Earth has smallest height (km)?

a) Stratosphere
b) Mesosphere
c) Thermosphere
d) Troposphere

Answer : d

Question 12 : The normal lapse of temperature of Earth’s atmosphere drops to O⁰C at the

a) upper part of ionosphere
b) upper boundary of the tropopause
c) lower part of mesosphere
d) upper boundary of stratopause

Answer : b

Question 13 : Which one of the following statements is true about tropopause?

a) It is formed due to the meteoric dust particles
b) It is about 5-10 km thick
c) It is a zone of mixing
d) It’s average height is about 8 km over equator

Answer : c

Question 14 : Which one of the following zones of the atmosphere is rich in ozone gas?

a) Mesosphere
b) Troposphere
c) Stratosphere
d) Ionosphere

Answer : c

Question 15 : Most ozone gas (about 90%) is located in the atmospheric layer of

a) ionosphere
b) troposphere
c) stratosphere
d) mesosphere

Answer : c

Question 16 : Consider the following statements related to stratification of atmospheric layers.

I. All storms and cloudiness are restricted to stratosphere
II. Cirrus clouds are formed on the top layers of troposphere
III. Stratosphere is also an ‘isoclinal layer’.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) I and II
b) I and III
c) II and III
d) I, II and III

Answer : c

Question 17 : Assertion (A) : In stratosphere the temperature increase with altitude results in a layering effect.
Reason (R) : It created a global ‘inversion layer’, and increases vertical convection.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true, but R is false
d) A is false, but R is true

Answer : c

Question 18 : The lowest temperature is observed/recorded in which one of the following layers of the atmosphere?

a) Stratosphere
b) Mesosphere
c) Thermosphere
d) Troposphere

Answer : b

Question 19 : Assertion (A) : Within the mesosphere, temperature decreases with increasing altitude.
Reason (R) : This is due to decreasing solar heating and increasing cooling by CO2 radiative emission.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true, but R is false
d) A is false, but R is true

Answer : a

Question 20 : Which one of the following layers of the atmosphere is responsible for the deflection of radio waves?

a) Troposphere
b) Stratosphere
c) Mesosphere
d) Ionosphere

Answer : d

Question 21 : Which one of the following gases is found in highest quantity in exosphere?

a) Hydrogen
b) Helium
c) Nitrogen
d) Oxygen

Answer : a

Question 22 : Arrange the following layers of atmosphere vertically from the surface of the Earth.

I. Mesosphere
II. Troposphere
III. Stratosphere
IV. Thermosphere

a) I, II, III, IV
b) II, I, III, IV
c) II, III, I, IV
d) III, IV, II, I

Answer : c

Question 23 : Assertion (A) : Because of the Sun’s UV radiation, Earth’s upper atmosphere is partially (0.1% or less) ionised plasma at altitudes of 70-1500 km.
Reason (R) : The zone of ionosphere, is coupled to both the magnetosphere and the neutral atmosphere.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true, but R is false
d) A is false, but R is true

Answer : d

Question 24 : The value of solar constant is

a) 2 Langley/min
b) 1 Langley/min
c) 13 Langley/min
d) 0.5 Langley/min

Answer : a

Question 25 : The intensity of insolation depends on

a) altitude
b) nature of terrain
c) wind
d) latitude

Answer : d

Question 26 : Nearly 30% of the solar radiations return back to the space without contributing anything to the Earth’s surface temperature. This amount of radiation is known as

a) black body
b) tropopause
c) Earth’s albedo
d) mesopause

Answer : c

Question 27 : Cloudy nights are warmer than clear nights because

a) greenhouse effect
b) depletion of ozone layer
c) isolation
d) it acts as a hindrance to terrestrial radiation

Answer : d

Question 28 : Which parts of the Earth’s surface experience least variation in incoming solar radiation throughout the year?

a) Poles
b) Equatorial regions
c) Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn
d) Arctic and Antarctic circles

Answer : b

Question 29 : Consider the following statements:

I. The Earth receives the Sun’s energy at the infrared end of the spectrum.
II. The Earth re-radiates the Sun’s heat as ultraviolet energy.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) Only I
b) Only II
c) Both I and II
d) Neither I nor II

Answer : d

Question 30 : Which of the following is correct regarding Thermal terrestrial radiation?

I. Thermal terrestrial radiation is in the form of Long wave.
II. Only 35% of terrestrial radiation is emitted through the radiation window of Earth

a) Both I and II
b) Only I
c) Only II
d) None of the above

Answer : b

Question 31 : Assertion (A) : The thickness of the atmosphere is maximum over the equator.
Reason (R) : High insolation and strong convection currents occur over the Equator.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true, but R is false
d) A is false, but R is true

Answer : a

Question 32 : Which one of the following experiences the least annual range of temperature?

a) Arctic circle
b) Tropic of Capricorn
c) Tropic of Cancer
d) Equator

Answer : d

Question 33 : Which one of the following statements is not correct?

a) Temperatures decrease from the equator to poles/
b) Temperature in equatorial regions change substantially from January to July
c) Large land masses located in the sub-arctic and Artic zones develop centers of extremely low temperature in winter.
d) Highlands are always colder than surrounding lowlands.

Answer : b

Question 34 : Which one of the following causes adiabatic temperature changes in atmosphere?

a) Deflection and advection
b) Latent heat of condensation
c) Expansion and compression of the air
d) Partial absorption of solar radiation by the atmosphere

Answer : c

Question 35 : Which one of the following statements about temperature is correct?

a) Temperature decreases with height in the stratosphere
b) Temperature is constant at different heights in the stratosphere
c) Temperature increases with height in the troposphere at an average rate of 6.5^o C per km
d) Temperature decreases with height in the troposphere at an average rate of 6.4^o C per km

Answer : d

Question 36 : The thermal equator is found

a) at the equator
b) South of the geographical equator
c) North of the geographical equator
d) both North and South of geographical equator

Answer : d

Question 37 : Assertion (A) : In coastal regions seasonal variation of temperature is less as compared to that of the interior areas.
Reason (R) : Seasonal variation of atmospheric humidity in the coastal regions is low as compared to that of the interior areas.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true, but R is false
d) A is false, but R is true

Answer : c

Question 38 : Assertion (A) : Areas lying within five to eight degrees latitude on either side of the equator receive rainfall throughout the year.
Reason (R) : High temperatures and high humidity cause convectional rain to fall mostly in the afternoons near the equator.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true, but R is false
d) A is false, but R is true

Answer : a

Question 39 : At high altitudes, pressure cooker is preferable for cooking, because the boiling point of water

a) reduces due to higher atmospheric pressure
b) reduces due to lower atmospheric pressure
c) increases due to reduced gravitational force
d) reduces due to increases ozone content in the atmosphere

Answer : b

Question 40 : Which one of the following weather conditions is indicated by a sudden fall of barometer reading?

a) Stormy
b) Calm weather
c) Cold and dry weather
d) hot and sunny weather

Answer : a

Question 41 : Logically, what does a continually rising air pressure indicate?

a) Advent of unsettled and cloudy weather.
b) Advent of a cyclone
c) Fine and settled weather
d) Fine and unsettled weather

Answer : d

Question 42 : Assertion (A) : 60^o – 65⁰ latitudes in both the hemispheres have a low pressure belt instead of high pressure.
Reason (R) : The low pressure areas are permanent over oceans rather than on land.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true, but R is false
d) A is false, but R is true

Answer : b

Question 43 : Assertion (A) : Pressure gradients determine the velocity of winds.
Reason (R) : When isobars (lines of equal atmospheric pressure) are closely spaced, the wind velocity would be gentle.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true, but R is false
d) A is false, but R is true

Answer : c

Question 44 : Which one of the following provides the force needed to drive the atmospheric circulation?

a) Higher biotic content of the tropical latitudes and lower biotic content of the polar latitudes
b) The energy content between high insolation tropical latitudes and the low insolation polar latitudes.
c) Higher rotational speed of lower latitudes lower rotational speed of higher latitudes
d) Equatorial radius of the earth is longer then the polar radius

Answer : b

Question 45 : Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), a low-pressure zone, is located

a) between trade winds and westerlies belt
b) between westerlies and polar winds belt
c) nearby the poles
d) at the equator

Answer : d

Question 46 : What is the convergence of the North-East and South-East trade winds near the equator known as?

a) Doldrums
b) Jet stream
c) Inter-tropical convergence zone
d) Upper air monsoon

Answer : c

Question 47 : In the Hadley cell thermal circulation, air rises up and finally descends at

a) intertropical convergence zone
b) doldrums
c) subtropical high-pressure cells
d) equatorial troughs

Answer : c

Question 48 : Which one of the following statements is true about Horse latitude?

a) It is a region of strong wind currents
b) It is a dynamically induced subtropical high pressure
c) It is closest point to the Sun, therefore, the air relatively is more hot due to which, the air becomes less denser and forms a low pressure zone
d) None of the above.

Answer : b

Question 49 : Consider the following regarding atmospheric circulation in the form of cells.

I. They are formed due to disturbances in planetary pressure system.
II. They are in form of vertical circulation cells.

a) Only I
b) Only II
c) I and II
d) None of the above

Answer : c

Question 50 : Consider the following statements regarding atmospheric pressure cells.

I. Equatorial low pressure cell is located on either side of Equator from 23 1/2 ^oN to 23 1/2 ^oS
II. The Horse latitude is a thermally induced pressure cell
III. The sub-polar low pressure cell is more pronounced in Southern Hemisphere.

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